Due to rapid growth of the petroleum industry across Iran in 1960-1970 chaos was cause by Reza Shah’s formation of a single-party system. The Shiite Clergy showed widespread opposition towards the Reza Shah. In order to quiet the clergy to stop the rioting, he ordered the secret police called the Savak. Ayatollah Khomeini is one of the most modern era's influential leaders. During the Islamic revolution he put together a crusade that help end the 37 year old reign of Reza Shah. Although he had his best interest for the Islamic Republic, once news broke out that the United States took in the exiled Reza Shah for medical treatment, the Iranian Military took over the U.S Embassy in Tehran in November of that year and took 66 American Hostages. The hostages were let go in 1981 which was two years after their capture.
(ABC CLIO World History/modern Era)
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